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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a member of genus Canis (canines) that sorts part of the wolf-like canids, and it is the most considerable carnivore greatly. The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not related to the wolves which were first domesticated strongly. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

Their long association with humans has led canines to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to flourish on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid kinds. Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colours. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This affect on human culture has given them the sobriquet "man's closest friend".

The word "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The English phrase dog originates from Middle English dogge, from Old British docga, a "powerful dog breed". The term may possibly are based on Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga seen in frogga "frog" also, picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", amongst others. The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary ultimately.In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for everyone domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a mixed group including the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". By the 16th hundred years, dog had become the general phrase, and hound possessed begun to send and then types used for hunting.[ The word "hound" is ultimately produced from the Proto-Indo-European term *kwon-, "dog". This semantic change may be in comparison to in German, where the corresponding words Dogge and Hund kept their original meanings.A male canine is known as your dog, while a female is called a bitch. The father of a litter is named the sire, and the mother is named the dam. (Midsection English bicche, from Old British bicce, in the end from Old Norse bikkja) The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp; the present day English phrase "whelp" is an alternative term for doggy. A litter refers to the multiple offspring at one beginning that are called puppies or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which has changed the elderly term "whelp" generally.The dog is categorized as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Varieties Notion and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Species Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus shared in Systema Naturae a categorization of varieties which included the Canis varieties. Canis is a Latin word so this means dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the home dog, wolves, jackals and foxes. Your dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On another webpage he documented the wolf as Canis lupus, this means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, a review aimed at reducing the amount of recognized Canis varieties suggested that "Canis dingo is currently generally seen as a distinctive feral domestic dog. Canis familiaris is employed for domestic puppies, although it should oftimes be associated with Canis lupus taxonomically." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the globe listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has webpage top priority over Canis lupus, but both were shared concurrently in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species", which avoided classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is now listed among the many other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Judgment 2027 that if wildlife and their domesticated derivatives are thought to be one species, then your scientific name of this varieties is the technological name of the outrageous creature. In 2005, the third release of Mammal Kinds of the entire world upheld Thoughts and opinions 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo separate - unnatural variants created by domestication and selective breeding" provisionally. However, Canis familiaris may also be used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a decision concerning which name they could use, and lots of identified analysts would rather use Canis familiaris internationally.

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