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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a member of genus Canis (canines) that forms part of the wolf-like canids, which is the most widely numerous carnivore.white dog cartoon character with red collar The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not related to the wolves which were first domesticated carefully. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

Their long association with humans has led pet dogs to be uniquely attuned to real human behavior and they're able to prosper on the starch-rich diet that would be limited for other canid species. Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colours. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human world has given them the sobriquet "man's closest friend".

The word "domestic dog" is normally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The English term dog originates from Middle English dogge, from Old British docga, a "powerful dog". The word may are based on Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga seen in frogga "frog" also, picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", amongst others. The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary ultimately.In 14th-century Britain, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for many home canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a merged group including the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". From the 16th hundred years, dog had end up being the general phrase, and hound got begun to send and then types used for hunting.[ The term "hound" is ultimately produced from the Proto-Indo-European word *kwon-, "dog". This semantic shift might be in comparison to in German, where the related words Dogge and Hund held their original meanings.A male canine is known as a dog, while a female is called a bitch. The paternalfather of any litter is named the sire, and the mom is named the dam. (Middle English bicche, from Old British bicce, finally from Old Norse bikkja) The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp; the present day English expression "whelp" can be an different term for doggy. A litter identifies the multiple offspring at one birth that happen to be called puppy dogs or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which includes mostly changed the elderly term "whelp".The dog is classified as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Types Concept and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Varieties Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus publicized in Systema Naturae a categorization of varieties which included the Canis types. Canis is a Latin phrase meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the local dog, wolves, jackals and foxes. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On the next webpage the wolf was registered by him as Canis lupus, which means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, an assessment aimed at minimizing the number of recognized Canis species suggested that "Canis dingo is currently generally seen as a distinctive feral home dog. Canis familiaris is utilized for domestic pet dogs, although it should oftimes be associated with Canis lupus taxonomically." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the globe listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has web page priority over Canis lupus, but both were posted all together in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species", which avoided classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is currently listed among the countless other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Impression 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are thought to be one species, then your scientific name of that species is the clinical name of the wild dog. In 2005, the third release of Mammal Species of the World upheld Judgment 2027 with the name Lupus and the be aware: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally distinct - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice as to which name they could use, and lots of identified research workers opt to use Canis familiaris internationally.

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