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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a member of genus Canis (canines) that sorts part of the wolf-like canids, and is also the most numerous carnivore generally. Your dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.
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Their long connection with humans has led pet dogs to be uniquely attuned to real human behavior and they are able to prosper over a starch-rich diet that would be limited for other canid types. Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colours. Dogs perform many roles for folks, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This affect on human population has given them the sobriquet "man's best friend".

The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The English expression dog comes from Middle British dogge, from Old British docga, a "powerful dog breed". The term may are based on Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The term also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga seen in frogga "frog" also, picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", among others. The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary ultimately.In 14th-century Great britain, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for any local canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". By the 16th hundred years, dog had end up being the general expression, and hound acquired begun to refer only to types used for hunting.[ The word "hound" is in the end derived from the Proto-Indo-European phrase *kwon-, "dog". This semantic change might be in comparison to in German, where the corresponding words Dogge and Hund stored their original meanings.A male canine is known as a puppy, while a lady is named a bitch. The father of any litter is called the sire, and the mother is named the dam. (Midsection British bicche, from Old British bicce, eventually from Old Norse bikkja) The procedure of birth is whelping, from the Old British word hwelp; the present day English phrase "whelp" is an different term for doggy. A litter identifies the multiple offspring at one delivery which are called pups or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which has replaced the elderly term "whelp" largely.The dog is categorized as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Types Idea and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Kinds Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species including the Canis kinds. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. Your dog was classified as Canis familiaris, which means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On the next webpage the wolf was noted by him as Canis lupus, this means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, an assessment aimed at lowering the number of recognized Canis kinds suggested that "Canis dingo is currently generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog. Canis familiaris is employed for domestic pups, although taxonomically it will probably be associated with Canis lupus." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the entire world listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has site top priority over Canis lupus, but both were printed all together in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species", which avoided classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is now listed among the many other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Impression 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are thought to be one species, then the scientific name of this species is the medical name of the crazy animal. In 2005, the third release of Mammal Types of the entire world upheld View 2027 with the name Lupus and the word: "Includes the local dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally individual - unnatural variations created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris may also be used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users an option concerning which name they might use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers would rather use Canis familiaris.