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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a member of genus Canis (canines) that forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is also the most abundant carnivore broadly. The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not related to the wolves that were first domesticated tightly. Your dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

Their long association with humans has led pups to be uniquely attuned to individuals behavior and they are able to flourish on a starch-rich diet that might be insufficient for other canid kinds. Dogs vary in condition widely, size and colours. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This affect on human modern culture has given them the sobriquet "man's best friend".

The word "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral kinds. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old British docga, a "powerful dog". The word may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga seen in frogga "frog" also, picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", among others. The term dog may in the end derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary.In 14th-century Great britain, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for many domestic canines, and dog described a subtype of hound, an organization like the mastiff. It really is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". Because of the 16th hundred years, dog had become the general phrase, and hound experienced begun to send only to types used for hunting.[ The term "hound" is ultimately derived from the Proto-Indo-European expression *kwon-, "dog". This semantic change may be in comparison to in German, where the related words Dogge and Hund kept their original meanings.A male canine is referred to as a puppy, while a lady is called a bitch. The daddy of a litter is named the sire, and the mother is called the dam. (Middle English bicche, from Old British bicce, eventually from Old Norse bikkja) The procedure of beginning is whelping, from the Old British word hwelp; the present day English phrase "whelp" is an different term for doggie. A litter identifies the multiple offspring at one delivery which are called young dogs or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which has generally replaced the more mature term "whelp".The dog is grouped as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Kinds Idea and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Species Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus posted in Systema Naturae a categorization of species including the Canis types. Canis is a Latin word interpretation dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the home dog, wolves, jackals and foxes. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, this means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On the next page the wolf was noted by him as Canis lupus, which means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, a review aimed at minimizing the amount of recognized Canis kinds suggested that "Canis dingo is now generally seen as a distinctive feral local dog. Canis familiaris is used for domestic canines, although it should probably be synonymous with Canis lupus taxonomically." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the planet listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has webpage main concern over Canis lupus, but both were printed all together in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species", which averted classifying the wolf as the grouped family dog. The dog is now listed among the countless other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Judgment 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of this species is the technological name of the wild pet animal. In 2005, the third model of Mammal Species of the entire world upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lupus and the word: "Includes the local dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally split - unnatural variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice concerning which name they might use, and lots of internationally recognized researchers would rather use Canis familiaris.

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