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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is an associate of genus Canis (canines) that forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most numerous carnivore extensively. Your dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not related to the wolves that were first domesticated strongly. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

Their long connection with humans has led dogs to be exclusively attuned to human being behavior and they're able to thrive over a starch-rich diet that would be insufficient for other canid varieties. Dogs vary widely in shape, colours and size. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the sobriquet "man's best friend".

The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral types. The English phrase dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a "powerful dog". The word may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The term also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga observed in frogga "frog" also, picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", among others. The term dog may eventually derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary.In 14th-century Britain, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for any home canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, an organization like the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". By 16th hundred years, dog had end up being the general term, and hound acquired begun to send only to types used for hunting.[ The word "hound" is eventually derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *kwon-, "dog". This semantic move may be compared to in German, where the equivalent words Dogge and Hund retained their original meanings.A male canine is known as a puppy, while a lady is named a bitch. The paternalfather of your litter is named the sire, and the mom is called the dam. (Middle British bicche, from Old English bicce, finally from Old Norse bikkja) The process of beginning is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp; the present day English word "whelp" is an different term for dog. A litter refers to the multiple offspring at one delivery that are called young dogs or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which includes replaced the more aged term "whelp" mainly.The dog is categorised as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Varieties Idea and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Types Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus released in Systema Naturae a categorization of varieties which included the Canis types. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the local dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. Your dog was classified as Canis familiaris, this means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On the next page he noted the wolf as Canis lupus, this means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, an assessment aimed at lowering the number of recognized Canis varieties proposed that "Canis dingo is currently generally seen as a distinctive feral local dog. Canis familiaris can be used for domestic canines, although taxonomically it will oftimes be associated with Canis lupus." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the entire world listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has site goal over Canis lupus, but both were publicized all together in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used because of this species", which prevented classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is currently listed among the many other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wildlife and their domesticated derivatives are thought to be one species, then your scientific name of that varieties is the clinical name of the outdoors dog. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Varieties of the entire world upheld View 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo individual - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding" provisionally. However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users an option as to which name they could use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers want to use Canis familiaris.

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