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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is an associate of genus Canis (canines) that forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is also the most numerous carnivore generally. Your dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not closely related to the wolves which were first domesticated. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

Their long association with humans has led pups to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to flourish on the starch-rich diet that might be inadequate for other canid species. Dogs vary in condition widely, size and colours. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This effect on human culture has given them the sobriquet "man's best friend".

The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog originates from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a "powerful dog breed". The term may derive from Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga also observed in frogga "frog", picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", amongst others. The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary ultimately.In 14th-century Great britain, hound (from Old British: hund) was the overall word for all those local canines, and dog described a subtype of hound, a blended group including the mastiff. It really is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". With the 16th century, dog had end up being the general word, and hound experienced begun to send only to types used for hunting.[ The word "hound" is eventually derived from the Proto-Indo-European phrase *kwon-, "dog". This semantic shift might be in comparison to in German, where the equivalent words Dogge and Hund held their original meanings.A male canine is known as a dog, while a lady is called a bitch. The daddy of an litter is called the sire, and the mom is called the dam. (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, finally from Old Norse bikkja) The process of labor and birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp; the present day English phrase "whelp" can be an alternative term for puppy. A litter refers to the multiple offspring at one labor and birth which are called young dogs or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which has largely substituted the elderly term "whelp".The dog is categorised as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Types Notion and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Kinds Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus released in Systema Naturae a categorization of kinds which included the Canis kinds. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, jackals and foxes. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, this means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On the next webpage he recorded the wolf as Canis lupus, which means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, a review aimed at reducing the number of recognized Canis types proposed that "Canis dingo is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog. Canis familiaris can be used for domestic pups, although taxonomically it will oftimes be associated with Canis lupus." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the entire world listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has page concern over Canis lupus, but both were shared concurrently in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species", which averted classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is currently listed among the countless other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its View 2027 that if wildlife and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then your scientific name of that varieties is the scientific name of the crazy canine. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Types of the planet upheld View 2027 with the name Lupus and the word: "Includes the local dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally distinct - unnatural variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris may also be used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a selection concerning which name they could use, and lots of acknowledged analysts would rather use Canis familiaris internationally.

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