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white dog cartoon character with red collar - The home dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a member of genus Canis (canines) that sorts area of the wolf-like canids, and is also the most broadly numerous carnivore.white dog cartoon character with red collar The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not related to the wolves that were first domesticated meticulously. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been bred over millennia for various behaviors selectively, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.
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Their long connection with humans has led dogs to be exclusively attuned to real human behavior and they are able to prosper on the starch-rich diet that might be inadequate for other canid species. Dogs vary widely in shape, colours and size. Dogs perform many roles for folks, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human contemporary society has given them the sobriquet "man's closest friend".

The word "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral kinds. The English phrase dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old British docga, a "powerful dog". The term may derive from Proto-Germanic *dukk?n, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle"). The term also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga also seen in frogga "frog", picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", amongst others. The term dog may derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary ultimately.In 14th-century England, hound (from Old British: hund) was the overall word for all home canines, and dog described a subtype of hound, a merged group like the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". By the 16th century, dog had end up being the general expression, and hound had begun to refer and then types used for hunting.[ The term "hound" is eventually produced from the Proto-Indo-European term *kwon-, "dog". This semantic move may be compared to in German, where the corresponding words Dogge and Hund maintained their original meanings.A male canine is known as a dog, while a lady is called a bitch. The daddy of any litter is called the sire, and the mom is called the dam. (Middle British bicche, from Old British bicce, eventually from Old Norse bikkja) The procedure of delivery is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp; the modern English term "whelp" is an alternative term for puppy dog. A litter refers to the multiple offspring at one birth which can be called puppy dogs or pups from the French poup?e, "doll", which has changed the more mature term "whelp" mainly.The dog is categorized as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Types Theory and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Species Concept.In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus printed in Systema Naturae a categorization of varieties including the Canis varieties. Canis is a Latin phrase interpretation dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris, this means "Dog-family" or the family dog. On another webpage the wolf was recorded by him as Canis lupus, which means "Dog-wolf". In 1978, an assessment aimed at minimizing the amount of recognized Canis varieties proposed that "Canis dingo is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral local dog. Canis familiaris is utilized for domestic pet dogs, although taxonomically it will probably be associated with Canis lupus." In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the planet listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has site main concern over Canis lupus, but both were posted all together in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used because of this species", which avoided classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is currently listed among the countless other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are thought to be one species, then the scientific name of this varieties is the medical name of the untamed creature. In 2005, the 3rd release of Mammal Varieties of the entire world upheld Judgment 2027 with the name Lupus and the take note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally different - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris may also be used due to a continuing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users an option concerning which name they might use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers want to use Canis familiaris.